CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this randomized clinical trial conducted among neonates born between 25 weeks and 0 days and 31 weeks and 6 days of gestation, a PCT- and P-SEP-guided strategy for the treatment of EOS did not demonstrate noninferiority to universal antibiotic treatment with respect to survival without major morbidity. Within the limits of this study, these findings do not support the routine use of a biomarker-guided approach as an alternative to universal treatment for this...

Sepsis and septic shock cause significant morbidity and mortality worldwide, yet effective therapeutic strategies targeting the underlying metabolic dysfunction remain limited. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) is a key regulator of fatty acid oxidation and has been proposed as a potential therapeutic target in sepsis due to its role in modulating metabolic and inflammatory pathways. We hypothesized that augmenting fatty acid oxidation through PPARα agonist administration...

CONCLUSIONS: Prompt empirical therapy and identifying the infection source are critical in assessing severity of the infection in PAB. Pitt bacteremia score is a valuable predictor of outcomes. Rising DTR rates was linked to prior antibiotic use which highlights the importance of antimicrobial stewardship.

The sepsis bundle was developed to standardize sepsis treatment and improve patient outcomes. Although public health authorities have promoted its use, the impact of hospital-level compliance on patient outcomes, particularly in settings without mandatory sepsis bundle compliance, remains unclear. This prospective cohort study included 11,926 patients aged 19 years or older diagnosed with sepsis or septic shock, admitted to 19 tertiary referral hospitals from September 1, 2019, to December 31,...